72% of young children in California are screened for age-appropriate development, compared with 29.5% a decade ago
Despite gains, research led by Dr. Ninez Ponce, show disparities in screening rates for children ages 1 to 5 across various groups.
According to a new policy brief published by the UCLA Fielding School of Public Health's UCLA Center for Health Policy Research, led by Dr. Ninez Ponce, developmental assessments for young children ages 1 through 5 increased from 2007 through 2018. Whether health care providers asked parents about developmental concerns also increased.
The study, funded by First 5 California, used data from UCLA CHPR’s California Health Interview Survey. Findings showed a significant increase from 2007 to 2018 — 72% of California parents reported that their child was assessed for possible developmental delays in 2018 compared to 29.5% in 2007, and 64.3% of parents stated that a doctor or other professional asked if they had concerns about their children’s learning, development, or behavior in 2018 compared to 47.2% in 2007.
“The study’s findings show promising improvements in developmental screening rates in the state over the past several years, but more work must be done to increase access among at-risk communities,” said Camille Maben, Executive Director of First 5 California. “Findings from this report identify opportunities for outreach to health care and preschool settings to boost screening rates across California. Improved screening rates will support better health outcomes for all young children.”
The brief looked at the prevalence of screenings across demographic characteristics, and found differences by household income, insurance type, parental education, as well as race and ethnicity.
- Parents were more likely to report that their children received developmental screenings and were asked about developmental concerns if they had higher household incomes, employment-based insurance, a usual source of medical care, higher educational levels, spoke only English at home, and identified race/ethnicity as non-Hispanic White.
- By contrast, low rates of screening were found for families with Medi-Cal insurance, without a usual source of medical care, with incomes less than 300% of federal poverty level, educational attainment of a High School diploma or less, reported race/ethnicity of Hispanic or African American, and dual language learner children in the home. Parents identifying as Asian also reported less frequently being asked about developmental concerns.
The brief cites support for universal developmental surveillance and screening as recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics and for future research to help identify more barriers to assessment.
The UCLA Center for Health Policy Research (CHPR) is one of the nation’s leading health policy research centers and the premier source of health policy information for California. UCLA CHPR improves the public’s health through high quality, objective, and evidence-based research and data that informs effective policymaking. It is the home of the California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) and is part of the UCLA Fielding School of Public Health.
First 5 California is dedicated to improving the lives of California’s young children and their families through a comprehensive system of education, health services, childcare, and other crucial programs.
The Public Health Institute generates and promotes research, leadership and partnerships to build capacity for strong public health policy, programs, systems and practices.
Note: This study and findings reflect data collected prior to the COVID-19 pandemic.
by Elaiza Torralba
The UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, founded in 1961, is dedicated to enhancing the public's health by conducting innovative research, training future leaders and health professionals from diverse backgrounds, translating research into policy and practice, and serving our local communities and the communities of the nation and the world. The school has 631 students from 26 nations engaged in carrying out the vision of building healthy futures in greater Los Angeles, California, the nation and the world.
Faculty Referenced by this Article
Dr. Ron Andersen is the Wasserman Professor Emeritus in the UCLA Departments of Health Policy and Management.
Dr. Michelle S. Keller is a health services researcher whose research focuses on the use and prescribing of high-risk medications.
EMPH Academic Program Director with expertise in healthcare marketing, finance, and reproductive health policy, teaching in the EMPH, MPH, MHA program
Professor of Community Health Sciences & Health Policy and Management, and Associate Dean for Research
Nationally recognized health services researcher and sociomedical scientist with 25+ years' experience in effectiveness and implementation research.
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